Rotary tattoo machines use a direct drive motor to push ink into the skin. Because of this, they are much easier to set up than a traditional coil tattoo machine that has several pieces that need adjusting before doing a tattoo.
Because they’re easy to set up, we highly recommend rotary machines (or pen machines that use the same direct drive motor as a rotary) to beginner tattoo artists.
Even though they use a simpler setup, new artists still need to know a few things about their machines before they start tattooing.
In this article, we’ll be breaking down what those details are, including:
- What stroke length you need for each style
- How to choose the right voltage for your machine
- Our favorite rotary machine brands for new artists looking for quality equipmen
Table of Contents
How to Tattoo with a Rotary Machine
Make Sure You Have the Right Type of Machine
Our Top Recommendation: Inkjecta Flite Nano
How to Wrap a Rotary Tattoo Machine
Picking Your Stoke, Voltage, and Needle Depth
Lining with a Rotary Machine
Shading with a Rotary Machine
Become a Tattoo Artist With the Artist Accelerator Program
How to Tattoo with a Rotary Machine
Make Sure You Have the Right Type of Machine
Different machines work better for different styles. For example, realism artists will want a different machine than a neo traditional artist. Which style of tattooing you want to do will affect which rotary machine you choose.
A big part of your choice is what stroke your machine has. Some machines let you change the stroke while others are “set stroke” machines.
Pro Tip:
In the tattoo industry, you want to use the term “tattoo machine” instead of “tattoo gun.” While some artists won’t care, others won’t take you seriously as a professional if you use the term “tattoo gun.”
Which Stroke Length Do You Need?
If you plan to do a lot of realism or black and gray work, then you will want a machine with a 2.5-3mm stroke. If you are more interested in Traditional and Neo Traditional tattooing, then you would want to go toward a 4mm+ stroke.
If you’re not sure which style interests you yet, we recommend getting a machine with a 3.5mm stroke. This will let you do a bit of everything until you specialize in a style.
Pro Tip:
With rotary machines, a short stroke is used for shading and a long stroke is used for line work. This is the exact opposite of a coil machine. With a shorter stroke, the armature bar is moving up and down faster and injecting ink faster into the skin, making it better for lining. With a longer stroke, there is a slightly longer pause between the cycles (when the circuit with the electromagnetic coils conducting electricity goes on and off), making it better for packing color.
Our Top Recommendation: Inkjecta Flite Nano
We are huge fans of Inkjecta* tattoo machines. They work well for almost any style because you can change the stroke and change how hard the machine hits by using bars that have different levels of flexibility.It also has enough power to push a large needle configuration and you can use a wireless battery (unlike coil machines that require a clip cord).
For example, if you’re doing a lot of color packing, you need your machine to hit harder, which means you need a harder needle bar. If you’re doing several layers of shading, you want to protect the skin from getting overworked. This means you need a machine that doesn’t hit as hard, which you can get from a more flexible needle bar that absorbs some of the “hit” against the skin.
There are other brands that work great like Bishop or Cheyenne. The main thing you want to focus on is finding a machine that will hold up over time. A lot of cheap machines have issues after only doing a few tattoos.
*At the time of writing, we’re not affiliated with Inkjecta or their machines. We recommend them because we use them on our clients.
Why Rotary Machines?
Rotary machines are basically “tattoo-ready” right out of the box. On the other hand, coil machines require a lot of tuning beforehand, which can make it harder to get going if you’re new to tattooing.
Additionally, rotary machines are lightweight, low-noise machines, so you can comfortably hold it for longer without your hands getting tired. The shaking from the machine’s motor is very small compared to coil machines.
How to Wrap a Rotary Tattoo Machine
Maintaining proper hygiene standards protects both you and your clients. When using a rotary machine, you want to make sure you’re wrapping the actual machine so it doesn’t get ink or blood on it.
We recommend using disposable grips so you can simply throw them away after each tattoo. This means you don’t have to deal with an autoclave and can still prevent contamination.
Picking Your Stoke, Voltage, and Needle Depth
Machine Stroke
On machines with an adjustable stroke (like the Inkjecta), you will switch out the cam wheel to change the stroke.
Voltage
When it comes tovoltage, the higher the voltage, the faster your machine is moving the needle up and down. There is no “set voltage” or power setting you should use. Which voltage you need depends a lot on your hand speed. If you tattoo very quickly, you need a higher voltage. If you move your hands more slowly, you need a lower voltage. You’ll need to find the sweet spot for you.
Changing Voltages For Different Jobs
In the video, Brandon is using an Inkjecta with a 4mm stroke on 9.5v with a solid (not flexible) bar. He would use this to line a NeoTraditional or Traditional tattoo using a 14 Round Liner. If he had used a more flexible bar, it would have been difficult to get such a big liner into the skin Later, when Brandon switched to an 11 curved mag, he turned the power down to 8v to do peppery shading. Because the machine is moving slower, you’ll see the space between
Many Artists Find Starting With a Lower Voltage Helpful
When you're first starting out, you want to work on having a slower hand speed. Turning your voltage down will allow you to do that. If you're trying to work with your hand speed too slow and your voltage too high, your shading will get too dark too fast, which means it will be very hard to create transitions from black ink to skin tone.
Pro Tip:
One of the great things about fake skin is that you can practice finding the right balance of voltage for you and the way you tattoo instead of experimenting on a person.
Needle Depth
When you turn on your machine, you’ll want to make sure your We recommend “floating the needle” because it makes it easier to see what you’re doing. Instead of pressing the cartridge right up against the skin, you’ll have a tiny gap between the cartridge and the skin. When you’re floating the needle, you’ll use your ring and pinky fingers as a “guard” to keep your needle depth consistent in the skin. To make this easier, you can put some Vaseline on your glove over your pinky so your hand easily glides across the skin while tattooing.
is out as far as it will be for the tattoo. If you “float the needle” and control your depth manually, you’ll hang your needle out further.
Pro Tip:
Remember to also put Vaseline on the fake skin before you start tattooing. This makes it easier to pick up the ink so it doesn’t smear everywhere and make your fake skins look messy.
Caution:
When you start tattooing real people, your client’s skin type will play a part in hitting the proper depth. For example, clients with thin skin (like an older client), might require a more shallow needle depth.
Lining with a Rotary Machine
When you’re lining, you want to make sure you’re stretching the skin. Even though fake skins are flat, we recommend still practicing this when you’re learning. When you jump to real people, it will be much easier to do clean linework, especially if you’re working on intricate designs, if you stretch the skin correctly.
Shading with a Rotary Machine
When you’re shading, you want to make sure that you're creating depth with your design.
Anything that is in the background should be darker than the foreground. (For example, leaves are normally darker than flower petals because they are behind the flowers.)
To get full coverage with your shading, you can turn your mag to the side and get into smaller areas without overworking your machine or your hand. With coil machines, this is more difficult because the machine is much heavier.
Pro Tip:
When you’re done tattooing your fake skin, clean it off with only Vaseline and a paper towel. Green soap and bleach do not work as well.
Become a Tattoo Artist With the Artist Accelerator Program
Having a career in tattooing is not only fulfilling, but it’s also the most stable way to make a living as an artist. However, for decades, the process to become a tattoo artist has been notoriously difficult.
The apprenticeship process requires aspiring tattoo artists to work 50-60 hours a week without pay for 2-4 years. That, combined with the toxic culture of abusing apprentices, makes getting into the industry almost impossible for newcomers.
That’s why we created the Artist Accelerator Program. Our online course provides a simple, structured way of learning to tattoo that has been proven to work by over 2500 successful students, with many of them having gone on to open their own shops all around the world.
Inside the program, we’ll take you through every step of the tattooing process in 9 clear, easy-to-follow modules and support you along the way within the Tattooing 101 Mastermind online community.
In the Mastermind group, you’ll collaborate with other students, get answers to your questions, and receive personalized video feedback on your artwork and tattoos from professional tattoo artists. With this friendly community of both new and experienced tattoo artists, you’ll never be stuck again.
When you join the Artist Accelerator Program, you’ll have instant access to the full course and the Mastermind community, as well as our 30-Day Flash Challenge and recorded interviews with tattoo artists from all over the world.
Click here to learn more about the Artist Accelerator Program.
